Operation Modes

The Cisco Software provides access to four different operation modes. Each command mode provides a different group of related commands. For security reasons, the Cisco IOS software
provides two levels of access to commands: user and privileged. The unprivileged user mode is called user EXEC mode. The privileged mode is called privileged EXEC mode and requires a password.

The following table, describes how to enter the modes and the resulting prompts.

User EXEC Mode!

When you first switch on or connect to the router, you are automatically placed in the user EXEC mode. The user EXEC commands are a subset of the privileged EXEC commands.

Privileged EXEC Mode!

In Privileged commands, you can display process and hardware event messages. Also,you can upload or download the configuration file and the OS of your router.To come out of the privileged EXEC mode, just enter the command and disable to exit.

Configuration Mode

In Configuration mode ,you can modify the interface settings, routing protocol settings, line settings etc . one has to be very careful while working with configuration mode because all changes you enter take effect immediately.

To enter configuration mode, enter the command configure terminal and exit by pressing Ctrl-Z. If anything happens while configuring the router, dont write it instead restart the router. The router will reboot with the old original configuration setting!

Getting Help

In any command mode, you can get a list of available commands by entering a question mark( ?).
Example:
Router>?
List of command!
To obtain a list of command that begins with a particular character sequence, type in
those characters followed immediately by the question mark ?.

Example!

router#re?
redundancy release reload rename
renew restart resume

Router User-Mode Command List
Router>?
Exec commands:
access-enable Create a temporary Access-List entry
atmsig Execute Atm Signalling Commands
cd Change current device
clear Reset functions
connect Open a terminal connection
dir List files on given device
disable Turn off privileged commands
disconnect Disconnect an existing network connection
enable Turn on privileged commands
exit Exit from the EXEC
help Description of the interactive help system
lat Open a lat connection
lock Lock the terminal
login Log in as a particular user
logout Exit from the EXEC
– More –
Router Privileged-Mode Command List
Router#?
Exec commands:
access-enable Create a temporary Access-List entry
access-profile Apply user-profile to interface
access-template Create a temporary Access-List entry
bfe For manual emergency modes setting
cd Change current directory
clear Reset functions
clock Manage the system clock
configure Enter configuration mode
connect Open a terminal connection
copy Copy from one file to another
debug Debugging functions (see also ‘undebug’)
delete Delete a file
dir List files on a filesystem
disable Turn off privileged commands
disconnect Disconnect an existing network connection
enable Turn on privileged commands
erase Erase a filesystem
exit Exit from the EXEC
help Description of the interactive help system
– More –

Some of the most often used short cuts !

Command Meaning
Ctrl+A Moves your cursor to the beginning of the line
Ctrl+E Moves your cursor to the end of the line
Esc+B Moves back one word
Ctrl+B Moves back one character
Ctrl+F Moves forward one character
Esc+F Moves forward one word
Ctrl+D Deletes a single character
Backspace Deletes a single character
Ctrl+R Redisplays a line
Ctrl+U Erases a line
Ctrl+W Erases a word
Ctrl+Z Ends configuration mode and returns to EXEC
Tab Finishes typing a command for you

Command Meaning
Ctrl+P or up arrow Shows last command entered
Ctrl+N or down arrow Shows previous commands entered
show history Shows last 10 commands entered

Gathering Basic Information

The show version command will provide basic configuration for the system hardware
as well as the software version, the names and sources of configuration files, and the
boot images.

Router#sh version

Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software
IOS ™ C2600 Software (C2600-BIN-M), Version
12.2(13)T1,RELEASE SOFTWARE(fc1)
TAC Support: http://www.cisco.com/tac
Copyright (c) 1986-2003 by cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Sat 04-Jan-03 05:58 by ccai
Image text-base: 0×80008098, data-base: 0x80C4AD94
Router uptime is 1 week, 2 hours, 39 minutes
System returned to ROM by reload
System image file is “flash:c2600-bin-mz.122-13.T1.bin“
Setting Password

Console password
Router(config)#line console 0
Router(config-line)#login
Router(config-line)#password todd1
Virtual Terminal Password
Router(config)#line vty 0 4
Router(config)#password james
Enable Password
Router(config)#enable password bond
Secret Password
Router(config)#enable secret pass
Disable password
Router(config)#no enable secret pass

To set the Time and date in a Cisco router!

Router#clock ?
set Set the time and date
Router#clock set ?
hh:mm:ss Current Time
Router#clock set 10:30:10 ?
<1-31> Day of the month
MONTH Month of the year
Router#clock set 10:30:10 28 ?
MONTH Month of the year
Router#clock set 10:30:10 28 august ?
<1993-2035> Year
Router#clock set 10:30:10 28 august 2003 ?

Router#

Configuring an Interface

Router(config)#interface type number
Router(config-if)#

To come out from current interface configuration mode
Router(config-if)#exit
Configuring a Serial Interface
Enter Global Configuration Mode
Router#configure terminal
Router(config)#
Specify Interface
Router(config)#interface serial 0
To set an IP
Router(config-if)#ip address 10.155.111.150 255.255.255.252
Router(config-if)#no shutdown This brings up the Interface UP!
Router(config-if)#bandwidth 64
Router(config-if)#exit

Subinterfaces allow you to create logical interfaces within
the router.
Router(config)#int fastethernet0/0.?
<0-4294967295> FastEthernet interface number
Router(config)#int fastethernet0/0.1
Router(config-subif)#

For Fast ethernet
router(config)#int fastEthernet 0/0
router(config-if)#
To set an IP
Router(config-if)#ip address 10.155.110.50 255.255.255.0
Router(config-if)#no shutdown This brings up the Interface UP!
Router(config-if)#exit

Configuring Hostnames
Router#config t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#hostname London
London(config)#hostname Moscow
Moscow(config)#

Saving Configuration
Whenever you modify the configuration, the changes take place
in Running-configuration stored in RAM.If you want these settings to be effected next time when you
reboot the router, you must save the current modified running
configuration to NVRAM or Startup-configuration.

You can do this by running the following command!

Router#copy running-config startup config
or
Router#copy run start (Short form)

Verifying Configuration

To verify what you have just configured, use the following commands
show running-config
Router#show run
This is show the present running configuration of the router!

show startup-config
Router#show start
This will show the startup configuration stored in the router!

Ping
To confirm the asign ip address in the interface, you can ping the ip !
Router#ping 10.155.110.50

Router show interfaces Command
Router#show interfaces
This will show you all the interface status of your router.

These are the basic commands while setting up a router! For more info on cisco router , refer to cisco website!